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The Wizard of Oz

1939 · Musical fantasy · Screenplay by Noel Langley, Florence Ryerson, and Edgar Allan Woolf; based on the novel by L. Frank Baum

A journey toward a distant authority reveals that Dorothy and her companions already possess the qualities they believe someone else must grant.

Act I

Setup & commitment

Opening Image

Dusty, sepia Kansas farm; Dorothy chased by Miss Gulch.

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Ordinary World / Setup

Life with Aunt Em & Uncle Henry; chores, loneliness, "Over the Rainbow" yearning.

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Inner Pressure / Wound

Feels ignored, craves a place where she belongs.

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Theme in Motion

"A place where there isn't any trouble… maybe it isn't someplace you can get to by a boat or a train."

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Inciting Incident

Miss Gulch takes Toto; Dorothy runs away.

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Refusal / Debate

Meets Professor Marvel, re-considers leaving home, heads back.

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Guide / New Information

Marvel (earth-bound mentor) urges return; metaphorically the "guiding call."

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Break into Act II

Tornado hits; house lands in Technicolor Oz, crushing Wicked Witch of the East.

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Act II-A

Expansion & promise

Secondary / Parallel Thread

Promise of help from Glinda & the Wizard; quest to Emerald City.

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Fun & Games

Yellow-brick-road adventures: recruits Scarecrow, Tin Man, Cowardly Lion; musical set-pieces.

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First Pinch Point

Wicked Witch appears in fireball, threatens Dorothy for the ruby slippers.

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Approach to Inmost Cave

Arrival at Emerald City, make-over, march to Wizard's chamber.

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Midpoint

Wizard (giant head) agrees to send Dorothy home only if they bring him the Witch's broom—stakes leap.

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Act II-B

Contraction & cost

Renewed Drive / Plan-in-Motion

Quartet sets off through haunted forest toward Witch's castle.

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Bad Guys Close In

Flying monkeys attack, tear Scarecrow apart, abduct Dorothy.

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Isolation / Reversal

The Witch imprisons Dorothy while Toto escapes the castle to find the Scarecrow, Tin Man, and Lion.

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Second Pinch Point

Witch shows Dorothy the hourglass: "When it empties, you'll die."

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Gate / Gauntlet

Friends disguise as guards, infiltrate castle, fight Winkies.

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All Is Lost (Stunning Surprise #2)

Cornered in the tower, Dorothy can only watch as the Witch sets the Scarecrow on fire.

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Act III

Choice & resolution

Dark Night of the Soul

Dorothy’s water melts the Witch, but the exposed Wizard cannot truly grant the promised qualities and his balloon leaves without her.

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New Resolve / Break-into-Three

Glinda appears: Dorothy had the power all along ("There's no place like home").

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Final Preparations / Road Back

Farewells to friends; three heel-clicks.

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Final Battle / Climax

Magical transit through vortex; waking in bed—Kansas restored.

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Self-Revelation / Final Choice

Learns home's true value; willingness to leave Oz's wonders behind.

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Denouement / Return with Elixir

Grateful reunion; tells family "I'm not going to leave here ever again."

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Final Image

Close-up of Dorothy, Kansas sepia intact but now filled with wonder—echoing but transcending opening shot.

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